SARS-CoV-2-directed T cell Response in Convalescent and Vaccinated Individuals

Understanding both the humoral (neutralizing antibodies) and cellular (T cell) immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination is essential for managing the COVID-19 pandemic. The widely reported phenomenon that humoral immunity wanes following both convalescence and vaccination has underscored the importance of assessing T cell-mediated protection against SARS-CoV-2. A concise yet detailed review by Bertoletti et al. analyzes the present data related to characterization of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells and both their protective and pathological actions (1). The authors also survey the literature related to memory T cells induced by either natural infection or vaccination. In a second perspective, an original study by Jordan et al. reports that T cells generated by SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination demonstrate protective immunity against at least two VOCs (i.e., Alpha and Delta), offering encouraging insight that this may extend to other VOCs (2).

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